Flora
The flora is the most important part of a kelp forest and makes it what it is. While there are some other forms of flora that reside within kelp forests, such as specific sponges, the primary inhabitant is algae. The three types of algae are:
- green algae
- red algae
- brown algae
The large kelps that form the canopies of the kelp forest are mainly the Giant Kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera), a type of brown algae.
This algae serves a dual purpose for the creation of this ecosystem.
- It is the main shelter available for fauna . The large canopies and twisted stipes create a suitable home for fish and invertebrates to find safety in. This is where young fauna will be raised, protected by the seaweed. This shelter is even used by grey whales that pass through on occasion.
- It is the primary food source of the ecosystem. The kelp’s photosynthesis is the main means of turning solar energy into food for the ecosystem. And as this type of kelp grows quite a large amount per day, it is very effective at this.
These marine plants' importance is not just shown in their interactions with other organisms however. They have a beautiful structure, and are even so large that they are visible at the ocean's surface. This has caused them to have a long history of being used in art. For example, several famous architects have used seaweed as inspiration for their patterned fabrics.